JWTs were designed for short-lived authorization assertions. Half the industry uses them as session cookies, then discovers they cannot revoke. The five problems this causes and the right alternative.
MFA fatigue is the cheapest, most-effective attack against push-based MFA in 2026. The defense is one IdP config change. Here is the attack, the defense, and why most companies still have not enabled it.
PKCE used to be a mobile-only thing. OAuth 2.1 makes it mandatory for everyone. Here is what the protection actually does, why a confidential web app needs it too, and the eight-line implementation that closes the authorization-code-interception attack.
Refresh-token rotation is a known good practice. The 'reuse detection' that goes with it is what actually catches stolen tokens. Here is how the mechanism works and how to implement it correctly.
AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity returns AccessDenied. The OIDC token looks valid. The trust policy looks right. The error message is useless. Eight specific causes, eight specific fixes, and a diagnostic that finds the right one in 30 seconds.
The certificate in the Secret is fresh. The pod is still serving the expired one. cert-manager did its job. Your app did not. The five renewal failures that bite production.
JWTs look simple: a signed JSON blob, verify the signature, trust the claims. Almost every step of that has a known bug pattern that has caused real production breaches. Here is the catalog.
Auth Code, Implicit, Client Credentials, Device Code, Resource Owner Password. Most engineers know the names. Few know which one fits which problem and why three of them are now considered insecure.